Naturally Occurring Simple Oxygenated Benzophenones: Structural Diversity, Distribution, and Biological Properties

Naturally occurring benzophenones represent a relatively small group of plant metabolites with narrow distribution, mainly in members Clusiaceae, Gentianaceae, Hypericaceae, Polygalaceae, Myrtaceae, etc.; however, there were reports several compounds derived from microorganisms belonging to the Aspergillaceae and Valsaceae families propolis. Benzophenones exhibit many biological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, etc. Few reviews on that have appeared literature focused their prenylated derivatives. Summarized information structural diversity, activities simple oxygenated naturally glycosides has not been found literature. Until 2000, only benzophenone C-glycosides known occur nature. Since then, O-glycosides isolated, structurally, biologically characterized. This review covers years 1850 2023 was compiled using databases Chemical Abstracts, Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed, ResearchGate. Based degree oxidation, 210 chemical structures derivatives grouped into six categories. In addition, one 40 miscellaneous benzophenones, where or protons are replaced by methyl, alcohol, carboxyl, acyl group, glycosidic forms an aglycone dimeric xanthone included. Simple 77 genera 44 families. The allergy-associated bezophenone-1, benzophenone-2 benzophenone-3 limited distribution across natural sources. A wide range (antioxidant, antitumor, cytoprotective, MAO-A, antiarthritic, anticholinesterase, anti-atherosclerotic, laxative, etc.) discussed.